William A. Graham is an influential and pioneering scholar of Islamic Studies at Harvard University. This volume brings together 17 contributions to the study of the Qur'an and Islam, all influenced by his work. Contributions to this collection, by his colleagues and students, treat many different aspects of Islamic scripture, from textual interpretation and hermeneutics to recitation and parallels with the Bible. Other chapters tackle in diverse ways the question of what it means to be "Islamic" and how such an identity may be constituted and maintained in history, thought, and learning. A final section reflects on the career of William Graham and the relation of scholarship to the undervalued tasks of academic administration, especially where the study of religion is concerned. This book will be of interest to readers of Islamic Studies, Qur'anic Studies, Islamic history, Religious Studies, scripture, exegesis, and history of the book. Given Graham's role at the Harvard Divinity School, and the discussions of how he has shaped the study of religion, the volume should be of interest to readership across the study of religion as a whole. Chapters 2 and 15 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. They have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

In this book, Henrike Lange takes the reader on a tour through one of the most beloved and celebrated monuments in the world - Giotto's Arena Chapel. Paying close attention to previously overlooked details, Lange offers an entirely new reading of the stunning frescoes in their spatial configuration. The author also asks fundamental questions that define the chapel's place in Western art history. Why did Giotto choose an ancient Roman architectural frame for his vision of Salvation? What is the role of painted reliefs in the representation of personal integrity, passion, and the human struggle between pride and humility familiar from Dante's Divine Comedy? How can a new interpretation regarding the influence of ancient reliefs and architecture inform the famous "Assisi controversy" and cast new light on the debate around Giotto's authorship of the Saint Francis cycle? Illustrated with almost 200 color plates, this volume invites scholars and students to rediscover a key monument of art and architecture history and to see it with new eyes.

How was the use of violence against Muslims explained and justified in medieval Islam? What role did state punishment play in delineating the private from the public sphere? What strategies were deployed to cope with the suffering caused by punishment? These questions are explored in Christian Lange's in-depth study of the phenomenon of punishment, both divine and human, in eleventh-to-thirteenth-century Islamic society. The book examines the relationship between state and society in meting out justice, Muslim attitudes to hell and the punishments that were in store in the afterlife, and the legal dimensions of punishment. The cross-disciplinary approach embraced in this study, which is based on a wide variety of Persian and Arabic sources, sheds light on the interplay between theory and practice in Islamic criminal law, and between executive power and the religious imagination of medieval Muslim society at large.

How was the use of violence against Muslims explained and justified in medieval Islam? What role did state punishment play in delineating the private from the public sphere? What strategies were deployed to cope with the suffering caused by punishment? These questions are explored in Christian Lange's in-depth study of the phenomenon of punishment, both divine and human, in eleventh-to-thirteenth-century Islamic society. The book examines the relationship between state and society in meting out justice, Muslim attitudes to hell and the punishments that were in store in the afterlife, and the legal dimensions of punishment. The cross-disciplinary approach embraced in this study, which is based on a wide variety of Persian and Arabic sources, sheds light on the interplay between theory and practice in Islamic criminal law, and between executive power and the religious imagination of medieval Muslim society at large.

Among the most celebrated works of Modigliani’s brief but brilliant career are his large-format nudes. Drenched in color and glowing with the artist’s deep appreciation of women and the female form, these works ushered in a new era of nude portraiture, while also causing an enormous scandal. This stunning exhibition catalog offers a new perspective on this aspect of Modigliani’s work by examining for the first time his portraits of emancipated women sporting coupe garçonnes haircuts and wearing loin cloths. Modigliani was one of the first chroniclers of the femme moderne, which also influenced his nude painting and the scandal they caused. Featuring lavish reproductions and astute texts by leading scholars, this volume also examines Modigliani’s cultural context in European Classicism, from Toulouse-Lautrec and Cezanne to the work of his contemporaries, including Paula Modersohn-Becker, Gustav Klimt, Egon Schiele, Jeanne Mammen and Wilhelm Lehmbruck; and traces his impact on future European Modernism and New Objectivity.

The Muslim afterworld, with its imagery rich in sensual promises, has shaped Western perceptions of Islam for centuries. However, to date, no single study has done justice to the full spectrum of traditions of thinking about the topic in Islamic history. The Muslim hell, in particular, remains a little studied subject. This book, which is based on a wide array of carefully selected Arabic and Persian texts, covers not only the theological and exegetical but also the philosophical, mystical, topographical, architectural and ritual aspects of the Muslim belief in paradise and hell, in both the Sunni and the Shi'i world. By examining a broad range of sources related to the afterlife, Christian Lange shows that Muslim religious literature, against transcendentalist assumptions to the contrary, often pictures the boundary between this world and the otherworld as being remarkably thin, or even permeable.

The Muslim afterworld, with its imagery rich in sensual promises, has shaped Western perceptions of Islam for centuries. However, to date, no single study has done justice to the full spectrum of traditions of thinking about the topic in Islamic history. The Muslim hell, in particular, remains a little studied subject. This book, which is based on a wide array of carefully selected Arabic and Persian texts, covers not only the theological and exegetical but also the philosophical, mystical, topographical, architectural and ritual aspects of the Muslim belief in paradise and hell, in both the Sunni and the Shi'i world. By examining a broad range of sources related to the afterlife, Christian Lange shows that Muslim religious literature, against transcendentalist assumptions to the contrary, often pictures the boundary between this world and the otherworld as being remarkably thin, or even permeable.

In recent decades, traditional methods of philology and intellectual history, applied to the study of Islam and Muslim societies, have been met with considerable criticism from rising generations of scholars who have turned to the social sciences, most notably anthropology and social history, for guidance. This change has been accompanied by the rise of new fields, studying, for example, Islam in Europe and Africa, and new topics, such as the role of gender. This collection surveys these transformations and others, taking stock of the field and showing new paths forward.

Now available in a new edition, this gorgeous volume surveys the entire breadth of Alphonse Mucha's work--from illustration and decorative arts to his photography and the historical paintings that were his life's passion. Alphonse Mucha is known largely for having originated Art Nouveau, when his poster of the actress Sarah Bernhardt became a legendary icon of the movement. Mucha went on to design hundreds of pieces in the decorative arts field, but later distanced himself from the style he pioneered, devoting his time and energy to painting. This book presents the full array of Mucha's artistic contributions--not only his posters and jewelry designs but also his design for the pavilion of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the 1900 world's fair. The book also contains his works on canvas, which include pastels and frescoes, and his magnum opus, The Slavic Epic, a series of 20 paintings depicting the history of his native people. A stunning selection of nearly 500 color illustrations is accompanied with essays that explore Mucha's style and inspirations, his transition away from the decorative arts, and his forays into photography. Fans of Art Nouveau will treasure this dazzling and unique study of the artist and his contributions to design and illustration.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Versuch Einer Begrundungslehre Des Rechts Johann Christian Lange

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Laere Om De Naturlige Vande Johann Christian Lange Fiction; Classics; Fiction / Classics

Quantitativeapproachesforsolvingproductionplanningandinventorymanagement problems in industry have gained growing importance in the past years. Due to the increasinguse of AdvancedPlanningSystems, a widespreadpracticalapplicationof the sophisticated optimization models and algorithms developed by the Production Management and Operations Research community now seem within reach. The possibility that productscan be replaced by certain substitute productsexists in various application areas of production planning and inventory management. Substitutions can be useful for a number of reasons, among others to circ- vent production and supply bottlenecks and disruptions, increase the service level, reduce setup costs and times, and lower inventories and thereby decrease ca- tal lockup. Considering the current trend in industry towards shorter product life cycles and greater product variety, the importance of substitutions appears likely to grow. Closely related to substitutions are ?exible bills-of-materials and recipes in multi-level production systems. However, so far, the aspect of substitutions has not attracted much attention in academic literature. Existing lot-sizing models matching complex requirements of industrial optimization problems (e.g., constrained capacities, sequence-dependent setups, multiple resources) such as the Capacitated Lot-Sizing Problem with Sequence-Dependent Setups (CLSD) and the General Lot-Sizing and Scheduling Problem for Multiple Production Stages (GLSPMS) do not feature in substitution options.

This volume takes political, social and cultural approaches to the study of the Seljuq dynasty, shedding new light on a variety of subjects. The various chapters cover geographical spectrum, from Central Asia and Persia to Iraq, Syria and Anatolia, and address questions such as the ideological foundations and ritual expressions of Seljuq power, the mutual attitudes of the learned classes and the Seljuq state, the organization of space, and the relationship between nomads and the settled peoples.

Die Bedeutung von Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E) ist aus okonomischer Sicht in der heutigen Zeit unbestritten. Innovationen als Ergebnis von F&E sind elementare Faktoren zur Verbesserung von Wettbewerbsfahigkeit, Produktivitat und Wachstum. Forschungsintensive Standorte werden daher aufgrund des gestiegenen Interesses mit besonderer Aufmerksamkeit betrachtet. In der F&E hat sich mittlerweile ein neues Phanomen verbreitet: Die Vereinbarung von Kooperationen in den Bereichen Forschung, Entwicklung und Innovation. Besonders in der technologisch intensiven Automobilindustrie tritt diese Art der Zusammenarbeit mittlerweile haufig in Erscheinung. Die Fahrzeugbauer und Zulieferer entwickeln sowohl untereinander als auch miteinander neue Technologien und Innovationen. Doch sind die gegenwartig existierenden Kooperationsformen in der Lage, den Anforderungen an eine zunehmend globalisierte Branche Rechnung zu tragen? Und was bedeutet das fur die Kooperationspartner? Diese Untersuchung reflektiert die heutige Lage in der Automobilindustrie und gibt mit Kooperation 2030" einen interessanten Ausblick in die Zukunft.

Aufgepasst An alle Menschen, die Ihre private Altersvorsorge optimal aufstellen mochten. Aufgepasst An alle Bankberater und Versicherungsvermittler da draussen, denn ein neues Beratungskonzept setzt sich durch. Aufgepasst An alle Produktanbieter im Bereich der privaten Altersvorsorge. Dieses Buch klart Sie auf uber eine alternative Beratungs- und Vergutungsform. Privatkunden konnen viel Geld sparen. Bankberater sollten sich informieren wie die Beratung von morgen aussehen kann und Produkthersteller sollten jetzt darauf reagieren was die Kunden wollen. Deutlich mehr Transparenz und die volle Kosten-kontrolle

Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich BWL - Bank, Borse, Versicherung, Note: 2,3, Fachhochschule Sudwestfalen; Abteilung Hagen, Sprache: Deutsch, Anmerkungen: Wer? Christian Lange. Absolvent des Fernstudiums in Hagen. Warum? Herr Lange arbeitete fur eine grosse deutsche Bank und beriet bundesweit Banken zu nachhaltigen Kapitalanlagen fur die Okorenta AG. In den Jahren 2010-2012 betreute er als Regionalleiter uber 50 Finanzberater und Versicherungsmakler bei der Honorarkonzept GmbH in Gottingen. Herr Lange entschied sich daher seine praktische Erfahrungen mit einer wissenschaftlichen Arbeit zu verbinden. Nutzen? Die Diplomarbeit richtet sich an Privatkunden, Vermittler und Produkthersteller., Abstract: Um einem Kunden ein Anlageprodukt vermitteln zu konnen, welches zu seiner Situation und Risikobereitschaft passt, braucht ein Finanzberater fundierte und aktuelle Kenntnisse uber den Finanzmarkt. Fur den Aufwand einer sorgfaltigen Analyse und die Umsetzung einer umfangreichen Beratung erwartet er zu Recht eine angemessene Vergutung. Diese erhalt der Berater im klassischen Modell durch Zahlungen des Produktanbieters. Abschluss-, Verwaltungs- und Transaktionskosten werden durch den Anbieter eingenommen und zu einem Teil an den Vermittler weitergeleitet. Doch an diesem Modell wird immer wieder Kritik geubt. Die Hauptkritikpunkte sind unklare Kostenstrukturen, unverstandliche Produktinformationen und durch das Modell entstehende Fehlanreize. Insbesondere weil Produkte mit intransparenten Kosten- und Risikostrukturen auch in der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise eine bedeutende Rolle gespielt haben, gewinnt die alternative Beratungsform der Honorarberatung immer mehr an Bedeutung. Die vorliegende Arbeit thematisiert ausschliesslich die Finanzberatung im Bereich der Versicherungen (Honorarfinanzberatung). Im Vordergrund der Untersuchung stehen die freien Finanzvermittler, die unter den verschiedensten Bezeichnungen firmieren. Auf einige einleitende Satze z